Photographic copying apparatus



14 Sheets-Sheet 1 Aug. 21, 1951 J. HALAHAN ET AL PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 26. 1947 MEI? THEODO 31;

Aug. 21, 1951 J. HALAHAN ET AL 2,565,074

PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 26, 1947 v 14 Shets-Sheet 2 ODD/V5 f [Pa V50 U WRNEY 1951 J. HALAHAN ET AL 2,565,074

PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 26. 1947 14 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTORS BY -mwv H. MORUMEIE memo/vs fl/FOIVSON W' M T RNEY Aug. 21, 1951' J. HALAHAN ET AL 2,565,074

PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 26, 1947 14 Sheets-Sheet 4 1i WTAL T-FoRN Y Aug. 21, 1951 J. HALAHAN ET AL 2,565,074

PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 26, 1947 14 Sheets-Sheet 5 ii -5' WW 9. A TORNEYS 1951 J. HALAHAN ET AL 2,565,074

PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 26. 1947 14 Sheets-Sheet 6 Aug. 21, 1951 J. HALAHAN ET AL 2,565,074

PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 26, 1947 14 Sheets-Sheet 7 v a Q l N V E N T O R5 JOHN mm/l/m/ FLOYD ,4. LYON BY -1 YNN 11. HURT/MEI? THE 0DORE AWUMSON Aug. 21, 1951 J. HALAHAN ET AL 2,565,074

PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 26. 1947 14 Sheets-Sheet TORNEYS Aug. 21, 1951 Filed Feb. 26, 1947 14 Sheets-Sheet 9 Aug. 21, 1951 J. HALAHAN ETAL 2,565,074

PHOTOGRAPI-IIC COPYING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 26, 1947 14 Shets-Sheet 1o Aug. 21, 1951 J. HALAHAN EI'AL 2,565,074

PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 2a. 1947 14 Sheet s-Sheet 11 Aug. 21, 1951 J. HALAHAN ET AL PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 26, 1947 14 Sheets-Sheet 12 BYDNN 1- MORTIMER Tggoozs l o/vsmv A'la aRNEYs Aug. 21, 1951 J. HALAHAN ET AL PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS 14 Sheets-Sheet 14 Filed Feb. 26, 1947 FLOYD ll. LYON BY LYNN H. E/(IRTIMER Patented Aug. 21, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING APPARATUS tion of Delaware Application February 26, 1947, Serial No. 730,894

6 Claims.

The present invention relates to photographic copying apparatus and more particularly to such apparatus adapted to the copying of documents on photographic film in miniature scale to provide a permanent record which occupies a minimum space.

Objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part hereinafter and in part will be obvious herefrom, or may be learned by practice with the invention, the same being realized and attained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations pointed out in the appended claims.

The invention consists in the novel parts, constructions, arrangements, combinations, and improvements herein shown and described.

The accompanying drawings, referred to herein and constituting a part hereof, illustrate one embodiment of the invention, and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

Of the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a photographic document copying apparatus embodying the present invention, certain parts of the cabinet being broken away to disclose the parts within;

Fig. 1A is a horizontal cross sectional view taken along line lA-IA of Fig. 1;

Fig. 2 is a detail view on an enlarged scale of the camera and conveying means driving mechanism shown in Fig. 1A

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 33 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a detail cross-sectional view taken along line 44 f Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a view of the main driving mechanism of the apparatus taken along line 55 of Fig. 3, certain parts being broken away to show the parts behind;

Fig. 6 is a detail cross-sectional view taken along line 6-6 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 7 is a view of the copying camera embodied in the apparatus of the invention as viewed along line 'l'| of Fig. 2;

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the copying camera taken along lin 88 of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional View of the camera taken along line 99 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a central vertical cross-sectional View of the camera taken along line Ill-l 0 of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a central vertical cross-sectional view of the camera taken along line Il-ll of Fig. 9;

Fig. 12 is a vertical cross-sectional view through the copying apparatus along the line IZl of Fig. 1A of the drawings showing certain of the details of th document conveying means of the invention;

Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line l3l3 of Fig. 12;

Fig. 14 is a detail view on an enlarged scale of certain of the document conveying means shown in Fig. 13 disclosing the document engaging means on the conveyor;

Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional View taken along line l5l5 of Fig. 14;

Fig. 16 is a detail sectional view taken along line l6l6 of Fig. 15;

Fig. 1'7 is a detail sectional view similar to Fig. 16 but showing the document gripping means as actuated to engage and grip a document on the conveying means; and

Fig. 18 is a wiring diagram of the control for the copying apparatus and the various indicating means embodied therein.

The present invention has for an object the provision of an improved photographic copying apparatus designed to copy documents or other material uponphotographic film in greatly reduced scale, the apparatus being such as generally designated microfilming apparatus. A further object is the provision of such apparatus of the intermittent type, that is, microfilming apparatus in which the document conveying means and the copying camera are driven in intermittent or stepby-step motion, as distinguished from a continuous or flow type of device. Th invention provides such an intermittent microfilming apparatus in which both sides of a document may be simultaneously copied or either side separately copied, in which an improved and more efiicient document conveyor and gripper is embodied, and in which a more eflicient and serviceable copying camera is combined having positive and safe film handling features including a variable speed driving means. It is a further object of the invention to provide the mentioned and other improvements in a copying apparatus of the type stated which is generally more compactly and eificiently arranged than such devices heretofore provided.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, there is provided in an illustrative embodiment of the present invention a rectangular cabinet having positioned at one side thereof document conveying and mirroring means and at the other side .2. copying camera and main driving mechanism adapted to constantly drive a disc type shutter for the camera and to intermittently drive the conveying means and the camera, these elements being so synchronized that when the shutter is in a position to expose film, the document conveyor and film feed are at rest and when the shutter is making the balance of its cycle cutting off light from the film, the conveyor is driven to advance another document into the photographic field of the camera and the camera is driven to present a fresh length of roll film to exposure position.

The conveyor means is embodied as a pair of endless chains having document bars arranged therebetween and grippers combined therewith to automatically engage the leading edge of a document presented thereto by feeding the document through a slot in the horizontal top of the cabinet. The conveyor thus engages the document in a horizontal reach at the top of the cabinet and carries the document through a vertical reach between a pair of transparent plates flanked on either side by a mirror in an angular position, the mirrors occupying the photographic field of the camera and exposing both the front and rear of the document for copying on the film. The conveyor thereafter carries the document in a horizontal reach at the bottom of the cabinet where the document is automatically released into a tray for removal, and the conveyor continues through another vertical reach to its upper horizontal reach where incoming documents are received.

The copying camera is arranged externally at one side of the cabinet and adjacent the camera within the cabinet are means for continuously driving a disc shutter for the camera and Geneva gearing means for intermittently driving the conveyor and camera. The camera is provided with an adjustable mask for taking either or both sides of a document, a safety shutter to close the camera automatically in case of ab sence of a document, a variable speed film pull down drive easily adjustable to vary the length of unexposed film moved to exposure position and automatically rendered inoperative in the absence of a document in the conveyor, and a film pressure plate cam actuated by the shutter to hold the film during exposure and release it for advance thereafter.

It will be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description as well are exemplary and explanatory of the invention but are not restrictive thereof.

Referring now in detail to the illustrative embodiment of the invention shown by way of example in the accompanying drawings, and adverting first to the general arrangement of the various elements of the copying apparatus as shown in Fig. l of the drawings, there is provided a rectangular cabinet [5 on one end wall of which is removably and externally mounted a document copying camera designated genrally by the numeral 16. At the other end of cabinet I5 are provided the document feed and conveying means for carrying a document through the photographic field of camera iii. As shown the cabinet is provided with a convenient drop-leaf platform I! on which documents may be stacked and manually pushed forward to an inclined panel or table It directed beneath the top ll! of the cabinet, and from the forward edge of panel E8 the document is positively engaged by the chain conveyor mechanism hereinafter described. The conveyor carries the document downwardly between a pair of vertically arranged transparent plates 20 and 2| which are suitably fixed to the cabinet walls, the plates serving to flatten the successive documents for photographing. Mirrors 22 and 23 are angularly positioned with respect to plates 2! and 20 respectively converging thereon at the edges of the plates away from camera it. The mirrors 22 and 23 lie in the photographic field of camera I6 and reflect the front and rear surfaces of a document positioned between plates 2! and 28, and, as hereinafter fully explained and described, the camera is provided with adjustable masking means so that either surfaces may be photographed without the other or both surfaces may be photographed simultaneously. A pair of lights 24 and 25 are preferably positioned at the top of the cabinet between plates 25, El and mirrors Z2, 23, and mirrors 2% are positioned at the bottom of the cabinet between those elements. Another pair of lights 2? and 28 are placed at the top of the cabinet and their beam is directed toward the document exposure position between plates 20, 2i.

A control panel 29 is preferably positioned in the horizontal top of cabinet 15 to conveniently position the several control switches and indicating means provided for the copying apparatus. In the portion of cabinet 15 beneath panel 29 is located the driving means for the camera and document conveyor, as will now be discussed.

M am Driving Mechanism.

The driving mechanism for the copying apparatus is shown in Figs. 1A to 6 inclusive of the drawings and comprises an electric motor 3% driving by means of a belt connection any conventional and suitable reduction gearing unit 3|, through which is driven by belt 32 a pulley 33 on shaft 34 which is mounted by anti-friction bearings in a stationary framework 35. The pulley 33 is provided with a pin 36 on one side for continuously driving the camera shutter as herein after described, and through shaft 35 drives the eccentric driving member (ii of a Geneva driving unit. The driven member 38 of the Geneva drive is carried on a shaft 39 mounted on anti-friction hearings in the framework portions til and 35, and drives by peripheral teeth meshed with gear 4| a shaft 42 from which the intermittent drive for the conveyor and camera are taken.

As shown in detail in Fig. 4 of the drawings, the shaft 42 ismounted by suitable anti-friction bearings in a journal it which is a part of the framework for the driving mechanism, and it has at one end a universal connection 44 with a drive shaft 45 leading across the cabinet to the conveyor mechanism. At its other end shaft 42 carries an eccentrically mounted pin it which provides a removable connection with the camera driving mechanism.

Came a As shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings the camera l6 for the copying apparatus comprises a generally rectangular casing which is adapted to be removably positioned in an aperture 5! in the side of the cabinet by means of bolts 52 and a light gasket 53 is positioned around the aperture and engages the camera casing. The camera casing 5!] has extensions 5 55 on its rear wall to house driving and braking mechanism for the film in any suitable film magazine 56. The magazine is removably secured to the rear wall of the camera and is supported in part by a portion of the housing 57 which is positioned between the extensions 54 and 55.

As best shown in Fig. 10 of the drawings the shutter 58 of the camera is in the form of a disc having an interrupted peripheral portion 59designed to register with the exposure aperture 50 for the film and the customary lens BI, and the shutter is carried by a shaft 62 mounted by means of suitable anti-friction bearings in the front wall of the camera casing 59. The shaft 52' at its outer end carries disc 53 beyond the casing, having a peripheral interruption 64 to receive the pin 36 on pulley 33, whereby the shutter'disc is connected for constant drive while the camera is in operation and the drive is easily separated when the camera is to be removed from the cabinet.

A similar easily separable driving connection is established for the intermittent drive to the film in the camera, and as embodied comprises the pin 46 which is received in the interrupted periphery of a disc 66 on shaft 61, which is the main drive shaft for the film drive of the camera.

As best shown in Fig. 11 of the drawings, the

shaft extends through the width of the rectangular camera casing 50 and is mounted for rotation by suitable anti-friction bearings in the front and rear walls of the casing and in an intervening frame portion 68. The shaft extends into the rear casing extension 55 where a drive is established for the take up reel in the magazine, as will hereinafter be disclosed.

A variable and adjustable speed drive is provided between the intermittently driven shaft 51 and the various driven film engaging rollers of the camera.- As embodied this drive comprises a drive disc 69 (Fig. mounted by means of its shaft ID in suitable anti-friction bearings in the rear wall of casing 50, and a peripheral bearing surface II is also provided for the disc to cooperate with an annular thrust bearing surface I2 and an interposed anti-friction bearing ring I3.

The variable speed drive disc 69 is peripherally toothed and meshes with an idler gear I4 which is in turn in mesh with a gear I5 secured to shaft 61 and driven thereby. The variable speed drive take-off from driven disc 69 comprises a follower wheel or roller I6 to engage the surface of the disc, and the wheel I6 may be positioned as desired along a radius of the disc to vary the angular rotation of the Wheel with respect to the angular rotation of disc 69 and thus vary as desired the length of film pull down.

Wheel I6 (Figs. '7 and 9) is mounted by means of a splined connection to rotate with and drive a vertically arranged shaft 11, which is mounted at its upper end by an anti-friction bearing in a horizontally extending internal wall 18 of casing 50. Shaft I1 is further mounted for rotation at the position of wheel I6 by means of an antifriction bearing between the wheel and a yoke 19 which is adapted to position the Wheel along a radius of disc 69.

As shown, the yoke I9 is formed with an integral sleeve portion 88 which carries a rack gear BI and has a splined connection with a vertically arranged shaft 82 mounted for limited rotary motion by means of anti-friction bearings in the internal wall I8 and the lower wall of casing 50. An adjusting shaft 83 mounted in bearings in a side wall of the casing and a journal 84 is provided with a gear 85 at its inner end to engage rack 83, whereby the position of follower wheel I6 may be varied by rotation of shaft 83. The adjustment shaft is provided at its other end with a calibrated knob 86 whereby the film pull down may be minutely adjusted, and the dial preferably may be so calibrated as to indicatea setting 'for copying one side only of documents, or'copying both sides simultaneously. Any conventional spring detent means 89 may be associated with shaft 83 whereby it may be conveniently located at definite positions. An arm 81 (Fig. 11) rigidly secured to shaft 82 adjacent its upper end is biased in one direction by a spring 88, and this force tends at all times to rotate shaft 82 in a direction to urge yoke I9 by means of its splined connection with sleeve 80 toward disc 69, thus carrying follower wheel I6 against the disc.

Means are provided for immediately interrupting and braking the film drive in the case where no document is present in the conveying mechanism to be photographed, and as embodied such means comprise a brake disc 99 (Fig. 10) secured to the lower end of shaft 'I'! and adapted to be peripherally engaged by the vertical arm of a lever 9| pivotally arranged on shaft 92. The horizontal arm of lever 9| is slotted to receive a pin 92 secured to the armature 93 of a solenoid 94 which is actuated as hereinafter explained when the document conveyor advances with no document in position to be photographed. A coiled spring 95 urges the lever 9I out of contact with brake disc 90. Actuation of the solenoid pivots lever 9I to engage brake disc 90, which immediately stops rotation of shaft I1 and likewise slightly displaces the shaft to carry follower wheel I6 away from the surface of disc 69, thus terminating further drive of the film pull down.

Returning now to the camera gear train whereby the film is intermittently advanced through the' variable pull down just described, a pinion gear 98 is secured adjacent the top end of'driven shaft TI to drive gears 91 and 99 in mesh therewith. These gears are mounted by means of shafts with anti-friction bearings in the horizontal internal wall I8 of the camera casing (Fig. 9) and carry in the casing compartment above said wall the driven film guide rollers 99 and I09 respectively. Gears IilI and I92 arein mesh with gears9'I and 98 respectively, and these gears are similarly mounted on shafts to drive other guide rollers I03 and I04 respectively for the film. The shaft of gear I02 carries also a pinion gear I in mesh with a gear I96 driving a cam pin I01 to actuate a microswitch I08 every revolution of gear I96. The switch I08 is utilized to actuate a counter mechanism on the panel of the cabinet, and the gearing is preferably arranged so that the switch is actuated once for every foot of film driven around the driven rollers described, so that a constant record is kept of the footage of film expended from the supply roll.

Driving means are also provided for the film take-up reel in the magazine 56. As embodied such means comprise engaged bevel gears I I0 and III driven" from the main intermittent camera drive shaft 61 positioned in the casing extension 55 at the rear of the camera, to drive a pulley H2 at the top of the casing extension. The pulley is connected todrive the take-up reel by a springbelt 'I I3 or other suitable equivalent means when the magazine 56 is in place on the camera, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings.

The film magazine 59 may be any suitable commercial construction and is removably secured to the back of the camera casing 50 b means of a screw I I4 engageable in a threaded boss I I5 (Fig.

10) in the back of the casing. Preferably the magazine is a Bell and Howell 400 foot, 16 m. in.

The-film supply anditake up is provided-adjacent the: central portion of the. magazine 56- and the camera casing; and: magazine at this positionhave interfitting double shouldersassindicated at H6 and II] to insure againstlight'acces -toathefilm, asawell as interfittingportions: I IIB-and': I I9='to-fa cilitate proper positioning-of the magazine.

As best shown in Fig. 8 of the drawings, theleadof the. film indicated in dot dash lines and designated by the letter F is from the supply side of magazine around an idler guide roller I28 and amidler'guide roller I2 I mounted on pivotedarm I221 The filmthen passes around driven rollers SIS- and IE3; past the exposure aperture 63 behind film: gate I23, thence around driver rollers Hi l and- I03: Thelead is then around an idler roller I24 pivotally mounted by means of an arm I25 and around an idler roller I26, from which it againenters the film magazine 56 to the take up reel for. the: exposed film. The pivotally mounted rollers I 2 I- and I24- are spring urged by means of springs: IEIand I28 respectively on arms I22 and I25-against the reaches of film F engaging them at: their respective sides of the camera. In case of a film breakage'in the camera the roller I2I or IZ4;.depending on the location of the break, is adapted to be carried against a microswitch I30 or I3I to indicate a film break on the control panel and to. terminate: further. drive. of motor 3%. as hereinafter described.

The control for the feed reel of the film in magazine 56 is similar to the take up reel control already described, there being a pulley I32 (Fig. 2.) above the casing extension 54 which is to be connected to the supply reel of the magazine by means of a spring belt I33 or other suitable means. Pulley I32 is connected to rotate with a pulley I34 (Figs. 8'and 11) within the housing extension 54, and means are provided for exerting a braking effort on the latter pulley in order to prevent overtravel of the supply reel and to decrease the shock load on the film due to the intermittent drive.

post I36, looped about the periphery of pulley I34, and connected to an arm I31 of a pivotally mounted lever I38. Another angularly positioned arm ISII of' lever I38 is urged in a counterclockwise direction by means of a coiled spring I connected to post I365. The brake force is removedby rotation of lever I39 through a'third arm MI having a detent I132 engaged by pivoted arm- I22 when said arm is held against the pull of its'spring I21 and against the added pull of spring I40 of the film F. This condition is shown in Fig. 8 and is caused by pull of film F due. to the acceleration of drive and the inertia of'the film roll feeding the camera. At this position all braking is removed and when the film stops accelerating, the film starts to slacken permitting the arm I22 to return toward the switch. The arm is stopped short of the switch, however, because the brake arm coming back tightens the brake and thefilm stops the arm.

A pair of light gates I and I46 are slidably arranged in a guideway M'I, each to adjustably mask a half of the exposure aperture 60. The gates are identically made andeach comprises a rack portion I48 engaged by a pinion gear I 39 onashaft I50- journalled'in a boss I5I, under the-controlof a setting wheel I52. Thesetting Wheels are preferably calibrated to show the closed or open positions of the light gates and may also be marked in such a way as to indicate As embodied such means comprise a brake belt I35 secured to a stationary 8 whichside 0f thedocumentwill be photographed by opening the individual gate.

Anemergencylight gate or safety shutter. I53; is also provided under the control of a lever. I54 pivoted at I55 and connected at its other endto. the armature I56 of a solenoid I 5 1-. If no document is in place to be photographed the safety shutter I53 is actuated across aperture. 6!), solenoid I51 being normally energized but de-energized in such event, as will hereafterbe described; The solenoid armature is spring. biasedto close the-safety shutter when the solenoid is not energized.

Film gate I2 3 is mcunted-forautomatic opera-- tion to grip the film at aperture 60 when the in-- terrupted' peripheral portion 5a of shutter 58 is in' position to expose the'film, and to-release the? film when the shutter closes the aperture and the film isto be advanced. As shown in Fig. 10,. the film gate is carried by a plate I68 which'is mounted for reciprocating movement on the' internal casing wall I8, a coiled spring IBI tending toforce the plate toward the front of" the casing; Shutter disc 58 has a cam portion: I62 engaged by follower I63 connected to" plate I60; and the cam portion is relieved as indicated at It's at a place registering with shutter aperture 59; so thatspring IB'I is enabled to'moveplate: Ifie'and pressure plate I23 forward into holding-L engagement with the film when the exposure aperture 653 is uncovered and film exposure is taking place.

Pressure roller means are provided for co-- operation with driven rollers se and IIlIl to positively control the film in the camera and means? are combined therewith for allowing threading of the film in the camera when it is open, said means also cooperating with the pressure plate to allow positioning of the film at that place. Driven roller Ififlis preferably made with a veryslightly greater circumference than the roller 9'9'in order to' keep the film in the camera taut at all times. As embodied there are provided a pair of anti friction-bearing mounted rollers "55 on shafts I66 and IB'I extending vertically above and below respectively a carrier I 68, and the carrier, and thus the rollers, are mounted for relative movement with respect to framework I69 on a shaft Ilfi which is urged toward the front of the carrier by spring Hi. When the rollers are spring urged toward the front they are in a position to peripherally abut driven rollers99and I00 and grip the film therebetween, but maybe retracted by the action of pivoted lever I 72'which' has a front. depending. arm M3 to engage the rounded end. of shaft m. The lever H2 is spring urged out of contact with shaft IIllbya leaf spring, I'I I, but may be held-in its contacting position, retracting. the pressure rollers I65, bya depression in arm I'I3 to receive the end of. shaft III]. The cover N5 of camera casing 50 is pivoted thereto at I76, has a spring. catch at its opposite end as indicated at In (Figs. 7 and 9) and'is adapted to engage and depressthe rearward end of lever I12 when it is closed, if. the lever is in its position engaging shaft I10 retracting rollers I65. It will thus be apparent that unless lever I'IZ is manipulated by hand to allow rollers I to move forward to engage the film prior to closing the cover I75, the action will be accomplished automatically when the cover is closed.

As shown in Fig. 10, the shaft I61 carrying.

lower roller I65 is extended downwardly into-an aperture I18 in movable plate I60, so that retraction of rollers I55 by lever I12 also forces plate I60 rearwardly against spring IGI, thus retracting the pressureplatevso that film may be threaded thereby. A shoulder I19 on the rear end of lever I12 is also adapted to actuate a pin I80 extending into a suitable aperture in the Bell and Howell magazine 56, which serves to open the light traps provided inthat type of magazine where the film leaves and reenters.

Document conveyor Referring now in detail to the embodied docu- 'ment conveying means shown in Figs. 12 to 17 inclusive, there are provided a pair of endless chains I85 to travel around pairs of sprockets I86, I81, I88 and I89 mounted at either end of shafts I90, I9I, I92 and I93 respectively, which are rotatably mounted in anti friction bearings in the cabinet walls. As best shown in Fig. 1A, the conveyor chains receive an intermittent drive by the connection of shaft 45 through a universal joint I94 with shaft I90. The chains are steadied in their travel and prevented from Whipping motion by pairs of guides I95, I96, I91 and I98 between which the chains travel in their various reaches.

Means are provided for automatically gripping the leading edge of a document in position at the top of the cabinet having been advanced by hand along the inclined feed table I8, and-for automatically releasing the document along the bottom reach of the conveyor where it may fal1 into a removable tray. Such means include a plurality of bars 200 extending between duplicate rectangular frames 20I connected to chains I85 for travel therewith by means of pins 202 and 203. The bars 200 are rigidly secured to said frame and spaced apart along the chains each to receive the leading edge of a document D (Figs.

16 and 17) which is engaged or impaled thereon by wire or other sharply pointed fingers 204, the bars having rear edge interruptions 295 to. receive the finger prongs if and when they impale the document.

As shown the pronged fingers 204 are carried by bars 206 carried by shafts 201 journalled in frames 20I, said bars being rotatable from a position shown in Fig. 16 of the drawings to that shown in Fig. 17 to engage the document. The actuation means for rotatable bars 209 include cam wheels 208 on shafts 201 within frames 20I. These wheels have inwardly projecting cam surfaces in the form of posts 209 to engage depending fingers 2I0 of brackets 2II secured to a stationary part of the cabinet and bring about rotation of bars 206 asthe chains move forward. The bars 206 are maintained in open or closed position (referring to the relation of fingers 204 with respect to bars 200) and are given a rapid actuated motion by means of springs 2I2 extending between posts 2 I3 on wheels 208 and bars 2 I4 secured to frames 20I.

Document positioning and stop means are provided in the form of a plurality of depending plates 2 I5 secured to a part of the cabinet beyond the end of the inclined feed table, and the lower edges of the plates are centrally relieved as indicated by the numeral 216 to receive the ends of flexible arms 2I1 which extend thereto from the underside of the feed table, to which they are secured as by means of rivets 2 I8.

It will now be clear that a document D may be advanced downwardly along the inclined feed table and beyond the end thereof, supported by arms 2I1, until the leading edge thereof engages the loweredges of plates 2 I5, such position being shown in Fig. 16 of the drawings. When a bar 200 has advanced to a position beneath the forward portion of the document beyond the end of the feed table, the posts 209 are engaged by fingers 2 I 0, and the document is then engaged by pointed fingers 204. This engagement displaces downwardly the flexible arms 2I'I through the overlying document, and the document is then in a position to be moved forward with the conveyor beyond the lower edges of depending plates 2I5.

After the document has been carried through the front vertical reach of the conveyor for photographing, and is in the lower reach, a second cam post 2I9 on each wheel 208 is engaged by fingers 229 on brackets 22I secured to the cabinet. The bars 206 and pointed fingers 264 are thereby rotated back to the position shown in Fig. 1b releasing the document to fall into the tray for removal, and the bars retain their respective positions until another document is to be received along the top reach of the conveyor, asalready described.

Controlling means In Fig. 18 of the drawings there is diagrammatically illustrated the means for controlling the copying apparatus already described, includ ing means for indicating the condition of the apparatus with respect to important functions and the number of documents which have been photographed. It will be noted that there is indicated in Fig. 18 by suitable legend which of the various elements of the control system are located on the operating or control panel 29, in the machine or cabinet I5, and in the camera I6, dot and dash lines being supplied in the diagram to show the location. Fig. 18 shows the control system in current off position.

As shown a power source is indicated as 230 with main lines 23I and 232 connected thereto. A motor switch 233 is provided on the operating panel 29 for starting and operating the motor 30 in the machine. Four lamp burnout relays 234, 235, 236 and 231 with their switches 238, 239, 240 and 241 are provided for the illuminating lights 24, 25, 21 and 28 respectively, and the switches mentioned are'arranged in series in the motor circuit so that a failure of any one of the lamps will interrupt the circuit and stop the motor, prohibiting' further operation in which imperfect exposures might be obtained. Each of the switches 234 to 231 is shown in lamp off position, and they are engaged with the opposite contacts when the machine is in operation and the lamps are burning. Also arranged in series in the motor circuit are the switches I30 and I3I already described (Fig. 8). as located in the camera to be actuated by a film break in the leads of film to and from the exposure position. The opening of either switch from the position shown, by reason of a film break, interrupts further operation and prevents spoiling of film and introduction of documents which cannot be photographed.

A pilot light 243 on panel 29 indicates that switch 233 is closed and the motor in operation. An indicating light 244 on the panel is lighted when either of the switches I30 and I3I is engaged with the opposite contact to the position shown in Fig. 18 upon a film break occurring.

The circuit for the illumination lamps 24, 25, 21 and 28 is closed by a switch 245 on the control panel and the circuit includes, in addition to the lamp burnout relays already referred to, a transformer 246, a variable resistance unit 241 a-sewage it onthe operating panel forsetting the brightness of the illumination lamps, a voltage regulator tube 2 38 (such-as type *VR150) anda voltmeter 249, also on the panel, for indicating =the-brightness setting for the lamps.

A pilot light 25!! on the operating panel is lighted when light switch 2:35 is-closed and the illumination lights-are on. A lamp 'burnout in- 'dicating light Edi is also positioned'on-the operating panel the circuit of which includes a parallel arrangement of the relay switches -238 to 24! inclusive, and the -motor switch 233, so that a burnout 111 any one of the illumination 'lamps brings about a switch :contact in the position shownin Fig. 18 -for-the corresponding oneof the switches to 2 3i and lights the indicator.

Also providedon-theoperating panelisa footagecounter 255 connected through-motor switch 233 and cam operated switch 18 inthe camera already described (Fig. 11). The .counter may be set when a ireshmagazineof filmiis put .on the camera and a constant indication vof film used is thus ailorded, preventing accidentahexhaust 01'' the film supply.

Referring now to the camera drive and safety shutter control mechanism, the solenoid .94 (Figs. 9, and i8) is controlled through a pairof switches 258 and 's and the shutter solenoid [51 through a pair" of switches 258 and 259, and the operation of each solenoid is dependent upon a document sensing switch 230. Likewise dependent upon the position of the document .sensing switch 26R is the operation 01' a document counter Z'Bl on the operating panel and another counter 262 in parallel therewith which is preferably conveniently located adjacent the camera 16. The document counters 265i and 262 are connected through a document counter switch 2'63, sensing switch 261], and motor switch 233 with the main lines 2311 and 232.

The pairs of switches 256, 251 and 258, 59, and the document counting switch 263 are mounted for cam actuation from a cam track '265 on the pulleys 33 (Figs. 3and'5) 'in thelmain driving mechanism already described. Asshown inFig.

5, ayoke 26%; is pivotally mounted at '26? .on'the driving mechanism framework 'an'dhas a follower 268 bearing against trackj265, spring'269 biasing the yoke and follower againstthe cam track. "The switches 258, 259 and 233 are moun'tedin a single bank of three designated'by the numeral 270 in Fig. 5 and are normally in 'free position until actuated by the movement of yoke "266 "with individual set screws 271, brought aboutby the rise in cam 265. The switches25'l and256 are mounted in a bank of two switches designated .2" in Fig. 5 and are normally in "free position until actuated by individual set screws 213 on yoke 2%, brought about by drop in cam 265. The one of the three set screwsZ'H whichactuates switch 25s is set closer to the switch "than the set screw which actuates switch 2-58. This causes switch 259 to be actuated firstand return to normal later than switch 258. The arrangement is similar on switch'groupZIZ'Whereoperation of switch 256 is set to overlapswitch 251. Switches 263 and 259 are normally open and. switch 258 is normally closed. Switch 256 is normally open and switch 251 is normally-closed. The document sensing switch 260, as shown Fig. 12, is mounted with an'arm extending into the path of the documentfeedto close-the'switch, that is, make the opposite contact-tothat'shown in Fig. .18, when a document is resting at the station proceeding photographing position and as it approaches a position to "be photographed.

12 j The-cam track zfl is so positioried with respet to pulley 33 and the other driving mechanism described forzthezshuttery'camera and document conveyor that the switches "258 and 259 (and 263 as well) are actuated-'andathen :returned to -normal be'fore the disc shutter 58 arrives at a :position to expose film at its peripheral interruption ii9,and='the switches continue in this position :until the shutter has continued beyond its exposing position. During the exposure time the switches 256 and2 51 arein actuated position and at normal positionthroug'h the rest of the cycle. It will, therefore, beiapparent that when the opy n appara s i :inioner t nan ocume is in pla mine-conv yor d-app oachin a position to be pl iotpgraphed, :switch 2st will .make the opposite ,contact ;to that shown in Fig. .18, switch v259 will at that time be closed, ,anclthe solenoid I51 will-begnergizedto retractthe safety shutter -l 53 to ,allowrphotographing to takeplace, switch.258 being-open. Whensolenoidiii is energiZed, its holding switch 28!) is closed, and .as operation continues and switch 25,9 opens, switch ,2 58 willbeclosed to-energizethesolenoidthrough switch '2 Manda resistanpea28 l ,-holding the safety shutter in retractediposition. If, :however, in a subsequent cycleof ,theapparatus a document is ,not in position in the conveyor approaching .the place to be photographed-the aholdingcircuit will be broken byiswitch $518,123,110. the circuit through switch 2 5 9 will ,not .heestablished .throughrswitch .266, the solenoid I51 will :be .de-aenergized, and the safety shutter closed. v

Referring .now to :the .camera drive .circuit, .the solenoid 94 is normally-.de-energized to.-allow film pull through, and :isienergizedto remove =wheel J 6 fromcdrive .disc 69 .and simultaneously brake fur- .ther film drivre. lf-aedocument is-in place and switch 2 6t isonthe opposite contact to-that shown in Fig. .18, solenoid 19A :is .de-energized and drive of the camera .can :take place, :switch '256 being open :during the drive :portion :of the cycle. If, however, .a ;document.:is notinplace, solenoid 94 is energized through switches 26!] and plfifi. When solenoid 9.4 is energized, .switch 282 is closed, so that .as switchlfl doecomesaclosed, .a holding .circuit through .resistanceflBB is established. andthe solenoid-.continuediin its energized conditioneven when switch 256 opened. There is thus .no further camera idrivesand film aadvance until ,a .documenthas ichange'd .the ,position .of switch 2.6.0 and broken ithe icii'cuit zto :solen'oid E94, and :the camera is in=.a positiondzo be driven'ior filmfeed during :the next succeedmg-drive portion of the cycle. .A switch 2R4 run the operating panel :in the circuit \of solenoid 194 ..is 'skept .closed .during normal operation of :the tapparatuseso that the automatic camera drivextermination .and .braking may be effected, but the :switch may ;be opened when desired so' that camera "driveimayztakeiplace regardless of awhet'herror mot documents .are :moving through.

The switch- 263 ,:-as already stated isi'closediwith the actuation of switches Z58 :and.259 .before :the film exposure portion of =the operating cycle, and if a--document has changedithe.positioncof switch 260, the circuit :to the :counters 1.6! :and 262 .is closed for counting the'document, while if switch 2 60' remains unchanged :by reason of the absence of-a document, "the counters are not actuated.

The invention in its broader aspects is not limited to the-specific-mechanisms shown and: described but departures may be made therefrom, within the scope "of the accompanying claims; without departing from the 'principles of the in- 

